Therefore, to know the grammar and the syntax of the heavens-the unfolding chronology, the modulations of meaning-was essential for Indians if the order of the world and of society was to be maintained. The concept of "like-ness" (sādṛśya) is fundamental to the operation of the Indian astral sciences. Astrological practices cannot be differentiated from other social practices on the basis of their symbolic exchange or their rhetorical powers. This cosmos was relevant above all to the terrestrial world, especially to the proper functioning of ancient Aryan society. According to traditional Indian sources, the formal cosmological structure is coupled with a rich mythological tradition in order to support a living, meaning-filled cosmos. In the present paper, an attempt is made to reveal the epistemological and cos-mological foundations of Indian astrology and divination practices, using early astrological Sanskrit sources and historical and textual-hermeneutical methodology. In India, since their inception, astronomy and astrology have operated concurrently and in complementary fashion, providing a grammar and syntax for a single semantic universe.
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